The Condition of Education 2011
Contents
Letter from the Commissioner of the National Center for Education Statistics............................................................... iii
Reader’s Guide...................................................................................................................................................................v
List of Tables................................................................................................................................................................... xii
List of Figures................................................................................................................................................................xvii
The List of Indicators on The Condition of Education Website (2003–2011)...................................................................xxii
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................................... 1
Overview............................................................................................................................................................ 1
A Closer Look at Postsecondary Education by Institution Level and Control..................................................... 7
Section 1—Participation in Education..................................................................... 17
Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................................19
All Ages
1 Enrollment Trends by Age................................................................................................................................ 20
Elementary/Secondary Education
2 Public School Enrollment................................................................................................................................. 22
3 Charter School Enrollment............................................................................................................................... 24
4 Private School Enrollment................................................................................................................................ 26
5 Racial/Ethnic Enrollment in Public Schools..................................................................................................... 28
6 Children Who Spoke a Language Other Than English at Home...................................................................... 30
7 Children and Youth With Disabilities.............................................................................................................. 32
Undergraduate Education
8 Undergraduate Enrollment............................................................................................................................... 34
Graduate and Professional Education
9 Postbaccalaureate Enrollment........................................................................................................................... 36
Section 2—Learner Outcomes.................................................................................. 39
Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................................41
Academic Outcomes
10 Reading Performance....................................................................................................................................... 42
11 Reading Achievement Gaps.............................................................................................................................. 44
12 Mathematics Performance................................................................................................................................ 46
13 Mathematics Achievement Gaps....................................................................................................................... 48
14 Science Performance......................................................................................................................................... 50
15 International Reading Literacy..........................................................................................................................52
16 International Mathematics and Science Literacy............................................................................................... 54
Economic Outcomes
17 Annual Earnings of Young Adults.................................................................................................................... 56
18 Employment Outcomes of Young Adults.......................................................................................................... 58
Section 3—Student Effort and Educational Progress...............................................61
Introduction....................................................................................................................................................................63
Elementary/Secondary Persistence and Progress
19 Public High School Graduation Rates..............................................................................................................64
20 Status Dropout Rates.......................................................................................................................................66
Transition to College
21 Immediate Transition to College......................................................................................................................68
22 Remedial Coursetaking....................................................................................................................................70
23 Postsecondary Graduation Rates......................................................................................................................72
Completions
24 Educational Attainment....................................................................................................................................74
25 International Comparison of Educational Attainment......................................................................................76
26 Degrees Earned................................................................................................................................................78
Section 4—Contexts of Elementary and Secondary Education..............................81
Introduction....................................................................................................................................................................83
School Characteristics and Climate
27 Characteristics of Public Schools......................................................................................................................84
28 Concentration of Students Eligible for Free or Reduced-Price Lunch...............................................................86
29 School-Age Children Living in Poverty............................................................................................................88
30 Rates of School Crime......................................................................................................................................90
Teachers and Staff
31 Characteristics of Full-Time Teachers...............................................................................................................92
32 Teacher Turnover: Stayers, Leavers, and Movers...............................................................................................94
33 Characteristics of School Principals..................................................................................................................96
34 Principal Turnover: Stayers, Leavers, and Movers.............................................................................................98
Finance
35 Public School Revenue Sources......................................................................................................................100
36 Public School Expenditures.............................................................................................................................102
37 Variations in Instruction Expenditures...........................................................................................................104
38 Education Expenditures by Country..............................................................................................................106
Section 5—Contexts of Postsecondary Education................................................109
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................................111
Characteristics of Postsecondary Students
39 Characteristics of Undergraduate Institutions....................................................................................112
Programs and Courses
40 Undergraduate Fields of Study.........................................................................................................................114
41 Graduate and First-Professional Fields of Study...............................................................................................116
42 Degrees Conferred by Public and Private Institutions.....................................................................................118
43 Distance Education in Higher Education.......................................................................................................120
Faculty and Staff
44 Faculty Salaries, Benefits, and Total Compensation.......................................................................................122
Finance
45 College Student Employment.........................................................................................................................124
46 Federal Grants and Loans to Undergraduates.................................................................................................126
47 Price of Attending an Undergraduate Institution............................................................................................128
48 Price of Graduate and First-Professional Attendance......................................................................................130
49 Tuition and Fees, Student Loans, and Default Rates.......................................................................................132
50 Postsecondary Revenues and Expenses...........................................................................................................134
Appendix A—Supplemental Tables........................................................................137
The supplemental tables are listed in the List of Tables on the following pages.
Appendix B—Supplemental Notes.........................................................................315
Note 1: Commonly Used Variables................................................................................................................................317
Note 2: The Current Population Survey (CPS)..............................................................................................................321
Note 3: Other Surveys..................................................................................................................................................326
Note 4: National Assessment of Educational Progress....................................................................................................332
Note 5: International Assessments................................................................................................................................334
Note 6: Measures of Student Persistence and Progress..................................................................................................336
Note 7: Student Disabilities..........................................................................................................................................338
Note 8: Classification of Postsecondary Education Institutions....................................................................................340
Note 9: Fields of Study for Postsecondary Degrees.......................................................................................................342
Note 10: Finance...........................................................................................................................................................343
Note 11: International Education Definitions...............................................................................................................346
Appendix C—Glossary...........................................................................................349
Appendix D—Bibliography.....................................................................................357
Appendix E—Index.................................................................................................361
